Printing telegraph



(No Modei.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. E. WRIGHT & J. H. LONGSTREET.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 311,218. Patented Jan. 27, 1885.

WITNESSES INVENTORS John E. Wrq'y/zzj 6Z BY .Ifiobnesloryslme M- 0/ ATTORNEY-5' N. PETERS. PholoLRhognpI-wr, Walhingknm n.c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. E. WRIGHT & J. H. LONGSTREET.

v PRINTING TELEGRAPH. No. 311,218. Patented Jan. 27, 1885.

ATTORNEYS WITNESSES I INVENTORS Jo/mEVVn' id, BY Jflalmes xz saree E50 reversed.

ilNTTEn STATES PATENT @FFIQE JOHN E. WRIGHT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND J. HOLMES LoNcsrREET, E

HOBOKEN, NEW JERsEY.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 311,218, dated January 27, 1885.

Application filed May 14, 1884. (X0 model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN E. WRIGHT and J. HoLMEs LONGSTREET, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, in the city, connty, and State of New York, and Hoboken, county of Hudson, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Printing-Telegraphs, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates particularly to the class of printing-telegraph instruments in which the stcp'by-step movement is given to the type-wheels through the instrumentality of an escapement actuated by an independent electro-magnet, while the impressions are taken from the type-wheel or type-wheels through the agency of one or more electromagnets included in an independent main-line circuit.

The object of the invention is to provide means'for actuating the type-wheels rapidly, for the purpose of bringing the desired charactors in position to print; to effect impressions of these characters, whether located upon one or the other of the type-wheels, or of the two independent faces of a single type-wheel,

and to securea unison of the type-wheel or type-wheels with reference to the transmittinginstrument in a convenient and efficient O manner.

The invention consists in constructing the apparatus in substantiallythe following manner: A single permanent magnetis applied to the escapementanchor, and the positive and negative poles of this magnet extend into proximity to one extremity of the core of an electro-Inagnet or to two polar extensions applied thereto. To the remaining pole of this electromagnet the permanent magnet is piv- 0 oted at or near its neutral point. The effect of the last-named pole of the e'lectro-magnet is, when the eleotro-magnet is vitalized by an electric current in a given direction, to increase the magnetism manifested at one pole of the perma- 4 nent magnet and to diminish that manifested at the other pole. When the magnetizing-current is in the opposite direction, the poles of the permanent magnet to which this increase and decrease in magnetic intensity is applied are The combined action of the two poles of the electro-magnet" is,therefore,to impel the permanent magnet in one direction or the other, according to the character of the polarization induced in the eleetro-magnet, by reason of the attraction existing between the 5v free pole of the electromagnet and one of the poles of the permanent magnet and the repulsion between the pole of the electro-magnet and the remaining poles of the permanent magnet. The coils of the electro-magnet are 61 included in a single main line, through which it is designed to transmit alternate positive and negative impulses, and at each reversal in the direction of the current transmitted the permanent magnet and the escapement-an- 6 chor are caused to move in one direction or the opposite, thus giving a step-by-step motion to the iypewheel through an ordinary scape-wheel. The type-wheel which we prefer to employ is constructed with two faces, 7 which are respectively designed to carry letters and figures, and these two faces are placed in planes diverging slightly from each other toward the axis of the wheel. The type-wheel itself is carried upon or is coupled with the 7 shaft by a ball and socket or other suitable form ofjoint, which permits of aslight movement of the type-wheel with reference to the type-wheel shaft in such a manner that either of its faces may be presented to the surface 8 of the printingplaten, which is located in a plane parallel with the type-wheel shaft. For the purpose of effecting impressions from this type-wheel two electromagnets are employed. Upon the armatures of these electro-magnets are respectively carried two arms, which are designed to place the type-wheel in position to print from one or the other of its faces, according as one or the other of the armatnres is actuated. The printing-platen is carried 9 upon an independent lever, and is so located with reference to the armatures of the electromagnets that it will be forced in the direction of the typewheel by the movement of either armature; but an impression 5 will be effected only from the type-wheel face which is directly presented to the platen. The electro-magnets employed for actuating the platen are normally polarized by induction from a permanent magnet upon which the 1 cores are mounted. The polarization thus received is, however, insufficient to draw the respective armatures into proximity to the purpose of thuscausingboth armaturelevers electro-maguets against the force of the retraetile springs which are applied thereto. The coils of the electrounagnets are oppositely wound, so that a current transmitted through the same in a given direction will serve to increase the magnetism induced in the core of one of the electro-magnets by means of the permanent magnet, while it will, to agreater or less extent, neutralize that induced in the core of the remaining electromagnet. The armature of the electro-magnet, the polarization of which is thus increased, responds to the additional force, and serves both to place the type-wheel in a position to print from the type-face corresponding thereto and to impel the platen toward the same. The remainingarmature, however, re mains in its position away from its electromagnet. A. current in the opposite direction will produce the opposite result, effecting an impression from the other type-wheel face. For the purpose of securing the unison of the type-wheel with reference to the transmitting apparatus, whenever it is so desired, the eseapement-wheel is mounted loosely upon the type-wheel shaft; but it is connected therewith by means of a feather, which permits a longitudinal movement of the scape-wheel. Suitable means are provided for normally holding the scape-wheel in position to be engaged by the escapement-anchor; but under the influence of the proper force the scapewheel may be moved laterally upon the typewhecl shat't out of engagement with its anchor. The scape-wheel and the type-wheel shaft are thus permitted to revolve under the inliuence of the actuating force of the instrument until the seape-wheel is arrested, with the type-wheels at the unison-point, by means of a pin or widened tooth of the scape-wheel strikin against one pallet of the escapementanchor. The required movement for thus actuating the scape-wheel is imparted thereto, by means of the armaturelevers employed for effecting impressions from the type-wheel, in the following manner: A forked lever engaging the sleeve of the scape-wheel carries a pivoted rocking bar the ends of which extend above the armatures. This'bar may be tilted in one direction or the other without actuating the forked arm when one armature or the other alone is actuated. If, however, both armatures be simultaneously impelled toward their type-wheels, both ends of the tilting bar will be simultaneously engaged and the forked lever actuated, thereby moving the scapewheel laterally upon the type-wheel shaft. This movement of the scapewheel releases the same from its anchor and secures the unison of the type-wheel, in the manner already described.

Instead of having the scape-wheel movable upon the shaft independently of the typewheel, both may be constructed to move together, or the shaft may itself be made longitudinally movable in its bearings. For the to be simultaneously actuated, it is necessary not only to transmit a current of sufficient strength to attract one of the armatures toits electro-magnet, but also to overcome the mag netism normally induced in the core of the other electro-magnet, thereby actuating both armatures. The movement of the scapewheel is then effected in the manner set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a printing-telegraph instrument illustrating our invention, and Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. Fig. 3 illustrates certain details in the construction of the escapement device.

Referring to the drawings, A represents an electro-magnet which is designed to be in cluded in the circuit of a main line, L, and to be vitalized by means of alternating electric impulses. Applied to this electiomagnet is an armature, a, consisting of a permanent magnet bent into such form that its respective poles N and S will extend into proximity to a widened pole, a, of the electromagnet A. The permanent magnet is pivoted at or near its neutral point to the remainingpole sof the electro-magnet A. An electric current transmitted through the coils of elcctro-magnet A in one direction will render the pole a of north polarity, and the pole s of south polarity. There will, therefore, exist between the pole n and the pole N a certain amount of repulsion, and between the poles a and S a corresponding amount of attraction. This attractive force will be the greater by reason of the additional strength given to the pole S by induction for the pole s. The permanent magnet or armature will thus be turned upon its axis in a given direction. When the direction of the current is reversed, the permanent magnet will in like manner he impelled in the opposite direction. The arbor (6, upon which the armature a is carried, will thus be vibrated. An eseapement-anchor, a". is carried upon the arbor c and this anchor engages the teeth of the scape-wheel B. The scape-wheel B is carried upon a sleeve, b, which is longitudinally movable upon the shaft 0, which shaft also carries the typewheel D. A feather, b formed upon the shaft C, engages the sleeve Z/and prevents the scape-wheel from turning independently of the type-wheel shaft. \Vhen, however, the escapement-anchor is. vibrated by means of the alternating electric current transmitted through the coils of the electro-magnet A, a.

step-by-step movement is given to the shaft and to the type-wheels in response to the force exerted by means of a spring, weight, or other driving-power through a suitable train of gear, E. two beveled faces, D and D, which are re spectively designed to carry letters and figures or other suitable characters, as may be desired. Impressions are taken from these two type-wheelfaces by means of a platen, (Z, which may be actuated by means of either of IlO The type-wheel D is provided with two armaturesd or d, which are respectively self, thereby effecting an impression from the applied to two electro-magnets, F and F. The

printingplaten is mounted upon an indep en (1- ent support, (i and it is designed to take impressions from only one face of the type-wheel at a time. For the purpose of securing this result, the type whee'l is mounted upon the shaft by means of gimbals or a hall-andsocketjoint, so that it is capable of a slight lateral moyemen't. Thus, if it is desired to print from the typewheel face D, it is-necessary to place the wheel in such position that the face D lies parallel to the type-wheel shaft, while the face D is turned at such an angle with reference to the printing-platen that a character upon its face will not be impressed;

upon the papertape. Likewise, if the character desired is upon the face D, the typewheel should be turned so that that face is parallel with the face of the printing-platen and with the shaft 0. For the purpose of thus moving the type-wheel into proper position at the moment it is desired to effect an impression, two arms, f and f", are applied to the.

two armatures d and d of the eleetromagnets These arms extend upon opposite sides of the type-wheel, and they serve, by striking against the part 0, by means of which the wheel is coupled with the shaft 0, to turn the type-wheel uponits universal joint in the proper direction to cause it to print the character desired. When the typewheel is again set in motion, it will resume its position parallel to thetype-wheel shaft 0 by reason of the revolution given thereto. Suitable springs, c, are, however, preferably applied to the sleeve G, and these springs, by pressing against the shaft 0, normally hold the type-wheel in the position shown in the drawings when it is not engaged by one or the other of the arms f or 'The 'electro-magnets F and F are provided with cores f and f, respectively,which receive by induction accrtain polarization from a permanent magnet,G,upon which they are carried. The armatures themselves are also preferably pivoted to the opposite pole of the permanent magnet G, and they receive therefrom the opposite polarization. The tendency, ther,efore,of the two electro-magnets is to nor mally attract the armatures toward themselves, aud thus to impel the platen toward the'type-wheel faces. The tension of the retractile springs g and 9 however, is normally sufficient to prevent the armatures from responding to the induced magnetism of the cores,and the platens are therefore held away from the type-wheel. The coils of the electro-ma nets F and F are 0 J ositelv wound and they are included inthe circuit of a second main line, L ,.which is provided with means fortransmitting currents in one direction or the" opposite, as desired. A current ofone polarity-positive, for instancetransmitted through these electro-magnets will be of the character to increase the magnetism of the core of the electro-magnet F sufticiently to attract the armature d toward it type-wheel face D. This same current, however, tends to neutralize the induced magnetism of the coref of the electro-mag-net Ffland does not, therefore, cause its armature to respond. A current of the opposite polarity that is to say, negative-transmitted through the coils of the electro-magnets F and F would tend to neutralize the magnetism in the core f while it increases that of the core f sufficiently to actuate the armaturef and effect an impression from the type-wheel face D In this manner the type-wheel may be revolved until the desired character upon either face is brought above the printing-platen, and then a current of positive or negative polarity, accordingly as it is desired to print from the typewheel face D or D", is transmitted through the line L and an impression is then effected from the corresponding type-wheel face.

For the purpose of bringing the type-wheel to the unison-point when desired for the purpose of insuring that they are in unison with the transmitter, we propose to move the scapewheel B out of engagement with the anchor a, thereby permitting the scape-wheel to advance continuously until it is arrested by the engagement of an extended tooth or a pin, h, carried by the anchor, with one of the pallets, h", of the escapementanchor, a. At this point the scapewheel will be arrested and theblank .or unison points of thetype-wheel will beheld above the printing-platen. The scapewheel, being thereupon released, again moves into engagement with the escapement-anchor by reason of the pressure exerted by a spring, h, which is applied thereto. For the purpose of thus moving the scape-wheel it is mounted, as already stated, loosely upon the shaft of the type-wheel, and is capable of a longitudinal movement thereon.

The sleeve 1), upon which the scape-wheel is carried, is provided with an annular groove, 7), into which fits the forked extremity of a lever, H, which is adapted to move the sleeve and scape-wheel longitudinally upon the typewheel shaft in the following manner: The lever H is pivoted at a point, It, and the arm If extends between the two armature-leversf and f and carries a tilting bar, h, the respective ends of which extend above the two armaturelevers d and (1. One end or the otherof this tilting lever may be elevated, according as one or the other of the arnmtures is actuated, without moving the lever H. If, however, both levers be simultaneously actuated, both ends of the tilting lever will be engaged at once, and the arm I? of the lever li will therefore be raised. The movement thus given to the lever H causes the scape-wheel B to be moved laterally upon the shaft 0 a sufficient distance to carry it out of engagement with the escapement -anchor, whereupon it revolves to its unison-point, at which it is arrested in the manner described. For the purpose of thus obtaining the simultaneous'movement of both armature-levers it rro is necessary only to transmit through the main line L and the coils of the electro magnets F and F a current of either polarity having sufficient strength not only to cause the armature applied to the electro-magnet having normally the same polarity as that induced by the current transmitted to respond, but also of sufficient strength to overcome the normal magnetism of the core of the other electro-magnet and to induce therein suffi cient magnetism to attract its armature. Both armatures will thus respond to this current of increased strength, and the unison will be effected.

WVe claim as our invention- 1. The combination,snbstantially as hereinbefore set forth,of an electromagnet, a permanent magnet the poles of which extend in proximity to one pole of said electromagnet, an escapeinent-anchor actuated by means of said permanent magnet under the influence of electric currents of alternating polarity, a scape-wheel to which said escapement-anchor is applied, two type-wheel faces moving with said scape-wheel, a printing-platen applied to said type-wheel faces and two electromagnets, two armature-levers applied thereto and each adapted to actuate said printing-platen, and means, substantially such as described, for causing one or the other of said type-wheel faces to be placed in position to print accordingly as one or the other of said electro-magnetsis vitalized.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with a type-wheel shaft, of a scape-wheel, an escapement-anchor, a perma nent magnet for actuating said anchor, and an electro-magnet to one pole of which said permanent magnet is pivoted at its neutral point, while the respective poles of said permanent magnet extend into proximity to the remaining pole of said electro-magnet or extensions thereof.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with the scape-wheels of a printingtelegraph, of an escapement-anchor applied thereto, means, substantially such as described, for actuating the same, two typewheel faces revolving with said scape-wheel, a printing-platen applied to said type-wheel faces, two electro-magnets and their armatures for actuating said printing-platen, means, substantially such as described, for normally inducing in the cores of said electro-inagnets polarization of a given character, and means, substantially such as described, for causing one or the other of said armatures to impel said platen toward said type-wheel faces under the intluence of an electric current accordingly as it is transmitted in one direction or the other.

4a The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with two type-wheel faces of a printing-telegraph instrument, and means, substantially such as described, for revolving the same, of two actuating-armatures upon a permanent magnet inducing in said armatures a given polarization, two electro-magnets, to which said armatures are applied, in the cores of which said permanent magnet normally induces magnetism of the opposite polarity, and retractile springs applied to said armatures hating tension sufficient to normally hold said armatures away from their electro-magnets.

5. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with a type-wheel and a printing-platen, of an electro-magnet and its armature for actuating said platen, and permanent magnet for normally inducing in said electro-magnet and its armature a given amount of magnetism, a retractile spring of sufficient force to overcome the attractive force normally existing between said electro-mag net and its armature, and means, substantially such as described, for increasing the polarization ofsaid electro-magnet sufficiently to cause its armature to respond.

6. The combination, substantially as here inbefore set forth, of two type-wheels or typewheel faces. aprintiug-platen applied thereto, and two armatu res for actuating the same,two electro-magnets applied to said armatures, either one or the other ofwhich may be caused to attract its armature and to thereby effect an impression from the corresponding type-wheel or type-wheel faces, and means, substantially such as described, for causing both of said armatnres to respond when desired.

7. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of two electro-magnets and their armatures, means, substantially such as described, for causing one or the other or both of said electro-magnets to attract their armatures, a scape-wheel, and means, substantially such as described, for causing said scapewheel to be moved out of engagement with its anchor when both of said armatures are actuated.

8. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of two type-wheel faces, two levers for effecting impressions from said typewheel faces, respectively, means, substantially such as described, for actuating either one or the other of the same, a scape-wheel controlling the movements of said type-wheel faces, an anchor applied to said scape-wheel, and means, substantially such as described, for causing said scape-wheel to be disengaged from said anchor when both of said levers are actuated simultaneously.

9. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with two type-wheel faces, of a scape-wheel and its anchor, two electromagnets, their armatures, means, substantially such as described, for causing both of said armatures to be actuated simultaneously and to thereby cause said scape-wheel to be disengaged from its anchor, and a pin or detent moving with said scape-wheel which is engaged by said anchor at given point in the revolution of said type wheels when said scape-wheel is out of engagement with said anchor.

IOU

IIO

, is presented thereto, two levers either of which 10. The combination, substantially as here- I inbefore set forth, of two movable levers, means, substantially such as described, for moving either one or the other or both at will, a tilting lever and its support, the respective ends of which tilting lever maybe engaged by the first-named levers independently of each other without interrupting their movements, while both ends when simultaneously engaged cause the said support to be moved and a unison-stop for printing-telegraphs brought into action through the instrumentality of said 1evers.

11. A type-wheel for printing-telegraph instruments, constructed with two typefaces the planes of which incline from each other, substantially as described.

12. A type-wheel for printing-telegraph instruments, having two typebearing faces in planes diverging from each other, in combination with a shaft to which said type-wheel is coupled by a universal joint, substantially as described.

13. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a type-wheel having two beveled bearing-faces, a shaft to which it is coupled by a universal joint, and means, substantially such as described, for causing said type-wheel to normally stand with its axis in line with said shaft.

14. The combination..substantially'as hereinbefore set forth, of atype-wheel having two beveled faces, a shaftt-o which it is coupled by a universal joint, a printingplaten for effecting impressions from the same, and means, substantially such as described, for turning said type-wheel so that it will present one or the other of its faces to said platen.

15. Thecombination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a type-wheel having two beveled faces carrying type, aprinting-platen for effecting impressions from one or the other of said faces accordingly as one or the other of said faces accordingly as one or the other is presented thereto, two levers either of which may be employed for actuating said platen, and means, substantially such as described, for causing said type-wheel to present one or the other of its faces to said platen accordingly as one or the other of said levers is actuated, and means, substantially such as described. for causing one or the other or both of said levers to be actuated at will.

17. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a type-wheel having two beveled faces carrying type, a printing-platen for effecting impressions from one or the other of said faces accordingly as one or the other is presented thereto, two lovers either of which may be employed for actuating said platen, and means, substantially such as described, for causing said type-wheel to present one or the other of its faces to said platen accordingly as one or the other of said levers is actuated, a unison device for said type-wheel which is brought into action when both of said levers are actuated, and means, substantially such as described, for actuating either one or the other or both of said levers at will.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names this 10th day of May, A. D. 1884.

JOHN E. VRIGHT. J. HOLMES LONGSTREET.

WVitnesses:

DANL. W. EDGEOOMB, CHAR-LES A. TERRY. 

